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SEO improves a website’s visibility in organic search results, while Local SEO focuses on visibility when location matters. Local SEO uses many of the same SEO foundations but adds a stronger focus on geographic relevance, Google Business Profile, Google Maps, reviews and local search intent.

For example, “how to choose a dentist” is a broad search, while “dentist in London” and “dentist near me” have local intent. A business serving customers in a specific area will usually need Local SEO, while a national or international business may place more emphasis on broader SEO.

The two are not competing strategies. Local SEO is a specialised part of SEO, and many businesses benefit from using both.

SEO vs Local SEO: The Quick Difference

FactorSEOLocal SEO
Main goalImprove organic search visibilityImprove visibility for local searches
Target audienceLocal, national or internationalCustomers in a specific geographic area
Website optimisationImportantImportant
Google Business ProfileUseful for eligible businessesCore part of the strategy
Google MapsNot the main focusMajor focus
Local PackNot the primary targetMajor target
Location signalsUsed when relevantVery important
ReviewsUseful for trustImportant for local visibility and reputation
Local citationsUsually secondaryCan support local visibility
Local linksValuableParticularly useful when locally relevant
Best suited toBroad search visibilityBusinesses with geographic search demand
Can they work together?YesYes

The easiest way to remember the difference is:

SEO helps your website compete in search. Local SEO helps your business compete when location matters.

What Is SEO?

SEO, or Search Engine Optimisation, is the process of improving a website so search engines can understand its content and people can discover it through organic search.

SEO covers much more than adding keywords to pages.

Depending on the website and its goals, an SEO strategy can include:

The goal is to make the website more useful, understandable and competitive for searches that matter to the audience.

For example, an online store selling running shoes could target searches such as:

best running shoes for beginners

road running shoes

running shoes for flat feet

These searches do not necessarily require the searcher to be near a particular shop.

The website can therefore compete through product pages, category pages, guides and other useful content.

That is broader SEO.

What Is Local SEO?

Local SEO is the part of SEO that focuses on improving a business’s visibility for searches with local or geographic intent.

A local search can include a specific location:

It can also communicate local intent without naming a location:

Google’s local search results can appear across Search and Maps. Local visibility is influenced by factors including relevance, distance and prominence.

This creates an important distinction.

Someone searching for:

“how to choose a dentist”

may simply want information.

Someone searching for:

“dentist near me”

is much more likely to be looking for a nearby provider.

The second search has a stronger geographic requirement, which makes Local SEO more important.

Is Local SEO Part of SEO?

Yes.

Local SEO is best understood as a specialised area of SEO rather than a completely separate marketing channel.

The two share many foundations:

Local SEO adds a stronger geographic and business layer, including:

This is why a local business should not normally think:

SEO OR Local SEO.

A better question is:

Which parts of SEO are needed to reach the customers this business actually serves?

Local SEO vs SEO: The Biggest Difference Is Search Intent

Search intent is one of the simplest ways to understand the difference.

Compare:

“How much does a resin driveway cost?”

with:

“Resin driveway company Manchester.”

The first search is mainly informational.

The second has stronger commercial and local intent.

Someone searching the first query may be researching prices, materials or planning a future project.

Someone searching the second may already be looking for a company that can provide the service in Manchester.

That changes what the searcher needs to see.

For a local commercial search, a useful result may need to communicate:

This is where Local SEO becomes particularly important.

How Local SEO Works

Local SEO combines website optimisation with signals that help search engines understand what the business does, where it operates and how relevant it is to a local search.

Several components work together.

Google Business Profile

For eligible local businesses, Google Business Profile is a central part of Local SEO.

It allows businesses to manage information that can appear across Google Search and Maps.

Important information can include:

Keeping this information accurate helps both customers and search engines understand the business.

However, a Business Profile alone is not a complete Local SEO strategy.

The website, business information, reviews, local reputation and other signals also matter.

Google Maps and the Local Pack

Local businesses can appear in Google’s local results, including the Local Pack and Google Maps.

For example, a search such as:

“plumber near me”

may return several local businesses before or alongside traditional organic results.

These results can contain information such as:

This visibility differs from a traditional organic ranking.

A business can therefore perform well in organic search but have weaker local visibility, or perform strongly in local results without dominating broader organic searches.

Strong local businesses often work on both.

Reviews

Reviews matter for both customers and local visibility.

People often compare local businesses based on:

Reviews can also contribute to local prominence.

The focus should be on genuine customer experiences, not manipulating reviews or inserting keywords unnaturally.

A real customer review can also give potential customers information that a service page cannot.

For example, a review mentioning a completed project in a particular area can reinforce the real-world connection between the business, its service and its location.

Local Citations

A local citation is a mention of a business’s information on another website or directory.

Depending on the business, this might include:

Citations can help reinforce business information, but more citations are not automatically better.

The focus should be on accurate, relevant and legitimate references rather than submitting a business to hundreds of low-quality directories.

Local Links and Mentions

Links remain an important part of SEO, and local relevance can make some links particularly useful for local businesses.

For example, a Manchester roofing company receiving a genuine mention from a respected Manchester property publication has a clear connection between:

business + industry + location + audience.

That can be more meaningful than collecting unrelated links from websites with no connection to the business.

Local link building should therefore focus on genuine relationships, useful contributions and relevant recognition.

How Traditional SEO Works

Traditional SEO focuses more broadly on helping pages compete for relevant organic searches.

Depending on the website, this can include:

Keyword Research

Understanding what people search for and identifying topics that match the website’s services, products and expertise.

Search Intent

Understanding whether a searcher wants:

Technical SEO

Making sure search engines can crawl, understand and index the website effectively.

Content

Creating useful content that satisfies the reason behind the search rather than simply repeating keywords.

Internal Linking

Connecting related pages so users and search engines can understand how the site’s content fits together.

Authority

Building recognition through useful content, relevant links, mentions, reputation and other signals that demonstrate credibility.

These foundations can also support Local SEO.

Major Google Updates That Changed SEO and Local SEO

Google has introduced several major algorithm and search-system updates over the years. Some primarily affected organic SEO, while others had a stronger impact on local search and Google Business Profile visibility. Understanding these updates helps explain why businesses need to approach Local SEO and traditional SEO differently.

Google updateYearMain focusSEO impactLocal SEO impact
Panda2011Content qualityHighIndirect
Penguin2012Link quality and spamHighIndirect
Pigeon2014Local searchModerateHigh
Possum2016Local ranking/filteringLowHigh
BERT2019Search understandingHighModerate
Helpful Content System2022Helpful, people-first contentHighModerate
Vicinity Update2021Local relevance and proximityLowHigh
Core UpdatesOngoingOverall search qualityHighModerate to high
Spam UpdatesOngoingSearch spamHighHigh
AI Overviews / AI search changes2024–presentAI-generated search resultsHighGrowing

Google Pigeon: A Major Local SEO Update

Google’s Pigeon update, introduced in 2014, was one of the most important changes for local search.

It improved how Google’s local search results connected with traditional web search signals. Local businesses became more dependent on factors such as location, relevance, distance and website authority.

This helped establish an important relationship between Local SEO and traditional SEO — your website still matters even when your primary goal is to appear in Google’s local results.

Google Possum: More Local Ranking Filtering

The Possum update in 2016 mainly affected local search results.

Google became more sophisticated about filtering and grouping businesses that were closely related by location or business characteristics. Businesses located just outside a city or service area could also experience changes in their visibility.

This demonstrated that proximity and location can play a major role in Local SEO, while traditional SEO generally focuses more heavily on the relevance and authority of a webpage regardless of the searcher’s exact location.

Google BERT: Better Understanding of Search Intent

Google introduced BERT in 2019 to better understand the context and meaning behind searches.

This mattered to both Local SEO and traditional SEO because Google became better at interpreting natural-language queries.

For example, instead of matching pages simply because they contain specific words, Google could better understand what the searcher actually meant.

For local businesses, this reinforced the importance of creating useful pages that answer real customer questions rather than repeatedly inserting location keywords.

Google Helpful Content System

Google introduced the Helpful Content System in 2022 and later incorporated its systems into broader core-ranking systems.

The central idea was to reward content created primarily to help people rather than content created mainly to manipulate search rankings.

This affects both traditional and Local SEO.

A London dentist, for example, shouldn’t create dozens of nearly identical pages simply by replacing one London neighbourhood with another.

Instead, each page should provide genuinely useful information for the people searching in that area.

Google Vicinity Update: A Major Local SEO Change

Google’s Vicinity update, launched in December 2021, had a significant effect on local search.

The update placed greater emphasis on proximity, meaning the physical relationship between the searcher and businesses could play a stronger role in local results.

This is particularly important for businesses that depend on local customers.

A restaurant, dentist, plumber or solicitor cannot assume that ranking strongly for a broad local keyword guarantees visibility for every person across an entire city.

Google’s Core Updates

Google releases broad core updates several times a year.

These updates can affect websites across almost every industry.

Unlike a specific Local SEO update, a core update can influence:

Local businesses can also feel the effects because their websites compete in Google’s organic results alongside local search features.

This is one reason Local SEO and traditional SEO should not operate completely separately.

Google Spam Updates

Google also releases spam updates designed to improve its ability to detect and reduce manipulative search results.

These updates can affect websites using:

For Local SEO, this can also affect businesses relying on artificial reviews, low-quality citations, manipulative links or other tactics intended to create the appearance of local authority.

AI Overviews and the Changing Search Results

Google’s introduction of AI Overviews and its continuing development of AI-powered search experiences are changing how users interact with search results.

This creates another consideration for both traditional SEO and Local SEO.

Users may increasingly receive answers directly within Google’s search experience before visiting a website.

For local businesses, visibility can still involve traditional organic listings, local results, maps, business information, reviews and other search features.

For traditional SEO, businesses need to create content that provides genuine expertise and satisfies the underlying search intent.

The important lesson is that Google keeps changing how it presents and evaluates information.

What These Google Updates Mean for Local SEO vs SEO

Looking at these updates together makes the difference clearer.

Traditional SEO has historically focused heavily on website content, technical performance, relevance, authority and search intent.

Local SEO uses many of those same foundations but adds a strong local layer involving location, proximity, Google Business Profile, reviews and local relevance.

Google’s updates haven’t eliminated the difference between the two.

Instead, they have made the relationship between them stronger.

A local business with a poorly optimised website may struggle to compete organically even if its Google Business Profile is well maintained.

At the same time, a business can have an excellent website but still struggle in local search if it lacks local relevance, a strong Google Business Profile, reviews or proximity to the searcher.

The best strategy for many London businesses is therefore not Local SEO vs SEO — it is using both together.

Local SEO vs SEO for Different Types of Businesses

There is no single answer that works for every business.

Your business model should determine how much emphasis you place on local search.

Local Service Businesses

Examples include:

These businesses often depend heavily on customers in a defined geographic area.

Local SEO should therefore be a major part of their strategy.

They can still benefit from broader SEO through service pages, guides, FAQs and other useful content.

Service-Area Businesses

A service-area business may travel to customers instead of operating a shop or office that customers visit.

Examples include:

These businesses can benefit from Local SEO even when customers do not visit a physical premises.

The important point is to represent the areas the business genuinely serves.

Creating pages for every town simply by changing the location name does not automatically create useful local content.

Ecommerce Businesses

An ecommerce store selling products nationally or internationally may need much less emphasis on Local SEO.

Imagine a UK ecommerce business selling running shoes.

Its customers could be in:

Its primary SEO opportunities are likely to involve:

If the business has a genuine physical shop, Local SEO can still matter for that location.

But its overall SEO strategy should not become artificially local simply because the company has an address.

SaaS Businesses

A SaaS company usually targets customers across a much broader market.

For example:

CRM software

project management software

marketing automation software

These searches do not necessarily depend on the searcher’s location.

Broader SEO may therefore be more important than Local SEO.

The strategy could focus on:

If the SaaS company has physical offices and genuinely targets local searches, Local SEO may still have a role, but it is usually not the main growth strategy.

National Businesses

A national business can need both.

Imagine a company operating throughout the UK with genuine branches in:

Its national SEO can target broader searches, while each legitimate location can have a useful local presence.

This creates two connected objectives:

National visibility + location-specific visibility.

The same principle applies to businesses with multiple genuine branches.

International Businesses

International companies usually need broader SEO strategies that account for different countries, languages, markets and search behaviour.

For example, a company selling software internationally may need country-specific or language-specific content rather than pages targeting individual cities.

Location matters, but not necessarily in the same way it does for a local plumber or restaurant.

Local SEO vs SEO: Real Examples

Example 1: A Plumber

Imagine a plumber serving South London.

Their customers are not spread equally across the entire UK.

A useful strategy could focus on searches such as:

The business can support these searches through its website, Google Business Profile, genuine reviews and other local signals.

Trying to rank nationally for broad plumbing searches may be less valuable if the company cannot serve customers outside its operating area.

Example 2: An SEO Agency

An SEO agency serving clients across the UK could target broader searches such as:

If it specifically wants clients in London, it can also build genuine local relevance around searches such as:

SEO agency London

SEO company London

The agency can therefore combine broad SEO with Local SEO.

Example 3: A Restaurant

A restaurant depends heavily on location.

A customer searching:

“Italian restaurant near me”

does not want a restaurant located 100 miles away.

The restaurant therefore needs strong local visibility.

Useful local assets can include:

Broad informational SEO can still help, but local discovery is likely to be more commercially important.

Example 4: An Ecommerce Store

An ecommerce store selling products throughout the UK has a different objective.

A customer in London and a customer in Glasgow may purchase the same product.

The store therefore needs to compete for product and category searches rather than creating a separate SEO page for every UK city.

Local SEO may matter if the company also operates physical stores, but it should not replace the broader ecommerce strategy.

Local SEO vs SEO for Beginners

If you’re new to SEO, think of it this way:

SEO is the larger discipline. Local SEO is SEO with a stronger geographic focus.

Traditional SEO asks:

What does the searcher want, and how can this page provide the best answer?

Local SEO also asks:

Where is the searcher, where does this business operate, and how relevant is this business to that local need?

That is the core difference.

Local SEO vs SEO for Business Owners

If you run a local business, your first question should not be:

“Do I need SEO or Local SEO?”

Instead ask:

“Where are my customers, and how do they search for my service?”

If customers need to be near you, Local SEO should usually be part of your strategy.

If customers can buy from you anywhere, broader SEO may have greater importance.

If both situations apply, use both.

Local SEO vs SEO When Hiring an Agency

If you’re comparing SEO agencies, make sure the proposed strategy matches your business.

A local plumber, national ecommerce company and international SaaS company should not receive identical SEO plans.

Ask:

The right strategy should start with your business model and search demand, not a fixed list of SEO tasks.

Local SEO vs SEO for SEO Professionals

For experienced SEOs, the distinction goes beyond simply adding a city name to a keyword.

Local search involves understanding:

This is why a page targeting:

plumber London

should not simply be a generic plumber page with the word “London” inserted throughout.

The content needs genuine local usefulness.

Does Traditional SEO Help Local SEO?

Yes.

The foundations of SEO can support local visibility.

A local business still needs:

A well-optimised website can therefore support both organic and local search visibility.

But website SEO alone does not guarantee Local Pack rankings.

Local search involves additional factors, including geographic relevance and prominence.

Does Local SEO Help Traditional SEO?

Local SEO can contribute to a broader digital presence through:

However, ranking in the Local Pack does not automatically mean a business will rank nationally for every organic keyword.

Local and organic visibility are connected, but they are not identical.

Local Keywords vs General Keywords

A general keyword might be:

technical SEO

A local keyword might be:

technical SEO agency London

Another general search could be:

how much does a resin driveway cost?

A local commercial search could be:

resin driveway company Manchester

The local version contains stronger geographic intent.

But Local SEO does not depend only on keywords containing city names.

Searches such as:

dentist near me

restaurant near me

emergency plumber

can also have strong local intent.

Google can understand that the search requires geographically relevant results.

Do Local Businesses Need Location Pages?

Sometimes.

A location page can be useful when a business genuinely serves a location and there is enough useful information to provide.

A good location page should explain things such as:

The mistake is creating dozens of pages where the only meaningful difference is the city name.

For example:

Plumber London

Plumber Manchester

Plumber Birmingham

Plumber Leeds

should not simply be four copies of the same page.

Location should change the usefulness of the page, not just the keyword.

Local SEO vs SEO: Common Mistakes

Treating Local SEO as Just Google Maps

Google Maps is important, but Local SEO involves more than a Business Profile.

Your website, reviews, business information, local relevance and reputation all contribute to the wider strategy.

Adding City Names Everywhere

Repeating “London” throughout a page does not automatically make it locally relevant.

The content needs genuine value.

Creating Fake Locations

A business should not pretend to operate from locations where it has no legitimate presence.

Local SEO should reflect the business’s real operating area.

Ignoring Traditional SEO

A local business still needs a useful website.

Local SEO does not replace technical SEO, content, internal linking or other SEO foundations.

Ignoring Local Intent

A business can also make the opposite mistake by focusing only on broad keywords when most valuable customers are searching locally.

The strategy should follow customer behaviour.

Which Should You Choose: SEO or Local SEO?

Use this simple framework.

Focus more heavily on Local SEO if:

Focus more heavily on broader SEO if:

Use both if:

Your business has local customers but also has national or international search opportunities.

For example, an SEO agency in London could target:

SEO agency London

through Local SEO while also targeting:

technical SEO

SEO audit

content strategy

through broader SEO.

Which Is Faster: SEO or Local SEO?

Neither should be treated as a guaranteed quick-win strategy.

Results depend on:

Some local improvements can happen relatively quickly when a business has incomplete or inaccurate information.

Competitive local rankings can take much longer.

The same applies to traditional SEO.

A new website targeting a highly competitive national keyword may take significantly longer to gain visibility than an established website targeting a specific, less competitive topic.

Which Is More Cost-Effective?

There is no universal answer.

The value of SEO depends on the business and the customers it can acquire.

For example, a local electrician might generate a valuable job from one relevant local search.

An ecommerce business may need hundreds or thousands of relevant visits to generate meaningful sales.

So instead of asking:

“Which type of SEO is cheaper?”

ask:

“Which search visibility can generate the most valuable customers for my business?”

That is a much more useful way to assess SEO investment.

What Should You Measure?

The metrics should match your objectives.

For broader SEO

You may track:

For Local SEO

You can also monitor:

Traffic alone does not tell you whether SEO is working.

For a local business, qualified leads and customers are often more useful measures than raw visitor numbers.

Local SEO vs SEO: The Bottom Line

SEO is the broader practice of improving organic search visibility. Local SEO applies those principles to searches where geographic relevance matters.

If you run a local business, Local SEO should usually be an important part of your overall SEO strategy.

If you sell nationally or internationally, broader SEO may deserve greater priority.

If you operate locally while also targeting broader searches, use both.

The important thing is not to choose a label first. Start with your audience, business model, service area and search intent.

A local plumber, London restaurant, national ecommerce store and international SaaS company all need different approaches because their customers search differently.

The best strategy connects:

what people search for + what they need + where they are + what your business actually provides.

That is the real difference between SEO and Local SEO.

FAQs

Is Local SEO the same as SEO?

No. Local SEO is a specialised part of SEO focused on searches where geographic relevance matters. Traditional SEO can target local, national or international searches, while Local SEO places greater emphasis on location, local visibility and business relevance.

Is Local SEO part of SEO?

Yes. Local SEO uses many of the same foundations as traditional SEO but adds local-focused elements such as Google Business Profile, Maps visibility, reviews, local relevance and geographic intent.

Which is better, SEO or Local SEO?

Neither is universally better. A local plumber may need strong Local SEO, while a SaaS company selling internationally may benefit more from broader SEO. Many businesses should use both.

Does every local business need Local SEO?

Most businesses that depend on customers within a defined geographic area can benefit from Local SEO. The level of investment should depend on how important local search is to their customer acquisition.

Does Local SEO require a physical shop?

No. Service-area businesses such as plumbers, electricians, cleaners and mobile mechanics can also use Local SEO when they genuinely serve customers in specific areas.

Is Google Business Profile part of Local SEO?

Yes. Google Business Profile is an important part of Local SEO for eligible businesses, particularly for visibility across Google Search and Maps.

Do reviews help Local SEO?

Reviews can contribute to local prominence and strongly influence customer decisions. Businesses should focus on earning genuine reviews through good customer experiences rather than manipulating them.

Do local keywords matter?

Yes, when they accurately reflect the search intent and service area. However, Local SEO is not simply about adding city names to keywords. Searches such as “near me” can also have strong local intent.

Do location pages help Local SEO?

They can, when they provide genuinely useful information about a location the business serves. Creating large numbers of near-identical location pages with only the city name changed is unlikely to provide the same value.

Can I do SEO and Local SEO at the same time?

Yes. In fact, many local businesses should. Technical SEO, content, internal linking and authority can support the website, while Local SEO focuses more heavily on geographic relevance, Google Business Profile, reviews and local visibility.

How long does Local SEO take?

There is no fixed timeframe. Results depend on competition, location, website quality, existing authority, business reputation and the searches being targeted. Some improvements can happen quickly, while competitive local rankings can require sustained work.

Can Local SEO help a national business?

Yes, particularly if the business has genuine locations or branches in different areas. A national strategy can target broader searches while individual locations can compete for relevant local searches.

Is Local SEO worth it for a small business?

It can be highly valuable when the business depends on customers in a specific area. The potential value comes from reaching people who are already searching for relevant products or services in the business’s operating area.

What is the biggest difference between SEO and Local SEO?

Geographic intent. SEO focuses broadly on improving organic search visibility, while Local SEO focuses on helping businesses become visible and relevant when location is part of the search or customer decision.